en.Wedoany.com Reported - China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., relying on hundreds of key and difficult tunnel projects, has built an integrated technical system of "risk identification + comprehensive prevention and control" for adverse geological tunnels, to address the challenges of tunnel construction in the complex geological environment of western China. This technical system covers key technical areas such as multi-dimensional survey, gas prevention and control, soft rock prevention and control, karst prevention and control, rockburst prevention and control, and high ground temperature prevention and control.
In the survey phase, traditional technologies have limited detection dimensions, making it difficult to accurately identify deep-seated hazards. China Railway Eryuan has innovatively constructed an "air-ground-borehole-tunnel" three-dimensional fine exploration system for adverse geology. It uses airborne geophysical surveys for macro-level screening, ground geophysical surveys for detailed profile analysis, ultra-deep drilling and comprehensive logging for fine stratigraphic classification, and then combines tunnel advanced geological prediction technology to comprehensively identify adverse geology ahead of the tunnel face. The relevant results have been incorporated into the industry standard "Code for Investigation of Adverse Geological Conditions in Railway Engineering".
Addressing the characteristics of gas being invisible, odorless, and prone to accidents once out of control, this system has established a "surrounding rock - primary support - secondary lining - construction joint" four-in-one sealing defense line based on the classification standards for gas tunnels in the railway industry. This mechanism integrates risk control throughout the entire lifecycle of the tunnel, from survey and design to construction and operation. This technology has supported the successful construction and operation of nearly 500 gas tunnels across China.
Facing the problem of large deformation of soft rock in deep-buried tunnels in the Hengduan Mountains region, this system has constructed a risk identification system of "precise in-situ stress measurement + multi-factor coupled identification + construction dynamic intelligent recognition", achieving quantitative and full-cycle identification of soft rock large deformation risk for the first time. Furthermore, the system pioneered active control technology for large deformation, built a full-cycle intelligent monitoring platform, and formed a closed-loop linkage of "monitoring and early warning - dynamic optimization design - rapid reinforcement construction", successfully overcoming the control challenge of large deformation exceeding 6 meters at depths over 1,000 meters, supporting the safe construction of railways such as Sichuan-Qinghai, Lijiang-Shangri-La, and Dali-Ruili.
For karst disasters, this technology precisely locks onto disaster hazards through a "macro identification - progressive detection - risk identification - intelligent perception" four-in-one detection of concealed karst. The system pioneered zoned drainage technology for high-pressure water-rich karst tunnels and developed a complete set of treatment technologies, including new convex-shell drainage structures and new construction joint pressure-reducing and seepage-reducing structures, supporting the successful breakthrough of dozens of high-risk karst tunnels, including the Guiyang-Nanning and Chengdu-Guiyang high-speed railways.
In terms of rockburst prevention and control, based on clarifying the incubation laws of rockburst, this system constructed for the first time a multi-field coupled rockburst identification mechanism of "strong compression - high in-situ stress - brittle rock mass - excavation disturbance", complemented by a real-time monitoring, early warning, and safety prevention and control system. The relevant technology supported the safe construction of the Bayu Tunnel on the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway.
For the construction environment of high ground temperature tunnels, based on the comprehensive identification of deep geothermal conduction, fault structure heat conduction, groundwater thermal circulation, and excavation disturbance heat release, the system has formed a "cyclic detection - dynamic assessment - intelligent early warning" system. It proposed for the first time a high-temperature-resistant support design method and developed new cooling and protection equipment, achieving safe operation in high-temperature tunnels with local temperatures up to 90°C, supporting the safe breakthrough of the Sangzhuling Tunnel on the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway.
China Railway Eryuan stated that it will continue to delve into core technologies in the field of underground engineering to cope with deeper, more dangerous, and more complex geological conditions.
