Kobe University has developed a brand new interactive web application that draws on jazz and improvisational music dialogue modes, aiming to help people concretely understand the abstract concepts of quantum game theory and conduct scientific exploration of creativity. Quantum engineer Souma Sato believes that the combination of quantum mechanics, game theory, and jazz not only promotes each other but also opens new avenues for understanding each.

This browser-based interactive music system based on quantum game theory allows users to receive visual and auditory feedback in real time based on inputs, with the feedback content showcasing how respective strategies intertwine, similar to quantum improvisational performance. Game theory provides mathematical guidance for selecting optimal strategies and has been widely applied in fields such as economics and political science. Quantum game theory, as its extension, makes the decisions of two "players" "superposed" and "entangled," essentially probabilistic and interdependent.

Souma pointed out: "Quantum game theory and quantum cognitive science are new trends in psychology and decision modeling, but research is mostly limited to theoretical and mathematical frameworks, with less connection to creative activities such as music." At the Third International Workshop on Quantum Computing and Musical Creativity, Souma demonstrated a browser interface based on the prisoner's dilemma. In the quantum version, users decide their attitude toward the opponent and select notes on a digital keyboard; the notes heard are then calculated based on quantum mechanics rules, taking into account both parties' strategies and note selections.

This is the first time that concepts such as quantum uncertainty and entanglement have been expressed in an auditory interactive manner, allowing users to more concretely understand related quantum concepts. Souma stated: "The harmonious or dissonant structures produced by the mutual interference of performers' strategies are similar to jazz and improvisational music dialogues." Next, Souma's team will enhance this proof-of-concept, covering more dimensions, such as multi-party creative decision models and high-dimensional structures. He said: "The ultimate goal is to connect this work to the scientific exploration of creativity, understand the human creative process, and apply this model to artificial intelligence and quantum hardware."