New progress has been made in the research of a new generation of ultra-fast charging power batteries. On the 23rd, it was learned from the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences that the research team led by researchers Ma Yanwei and Wang Kai has achieved a significant breakthrough in the core technology of black phosphorus fast charging batteries, successfully overcoming technical challenges such as severe volume expansion and poor conductivity of black phosphorus negative electrode materials during charging and discharging.
Black phosphorus materials possess a lithium storage capacity far exceeding that of graphite, making them an ideal next-generation negative electrode material. However, this material suffers from fatal defects such as poor conductivity, large volume expansion during charging and discharging, and susceptibility to degradation and failure under fast charging, which have so far prevented its practical application.
The research team innovatively and precisely constructed a special phosphorus-nitrogen chemical bond within the black phosphorus crystal at the atomic level. This method is akin to pre-"embedding" microscopic switches within the material, which, during charging, can actively activate the otherwise inert phosphorus-phosphorus bonds. This significantly accelerates the transport speed of lithium ions and effectively inhibits the damage caused by volume expansion, allowing the black phosphorus negative electrode to operate stably under ultra-high charging speeds.
More importantly, based on this new technology, the research team successfully fabricated a prototype soft-pack battery with a black phosphorus negative electrode and a lithium iron phosphate positive electrode. Measured data shows that the battery achieves an energy density of 282 watt-hours per kilogram; it exhibits exceptional fast charging performance, able to charge to 80% capacity in just 10 minutes; it also boasts outstanding cycling stability, maintaining stable performance after thousands of charge-discharge cycles.