The equipment is installed trackside and employs automatic non-contact detection technology to monitor the temperature of critical train components (such as vehicle bearings, motors, gearboxes, etc.). When abnormal conditions such as excessive temperature rise or sudden temperature changes occur, it immediately issues an alarm signal, promptly identifies the abnormal temperature situation, effectively prevents dangerous incidents such as hot boxes or hot axle cutting, and provides guidance for the inspection and maintenance of key components including vehicle bearings, motors, and gearboxes.