The traction transformer is the power transformer of the electrified railway traction network. Its primary side is connected to the power grid, and its secondary side is connected to the traction network to transmit the electrical energy of the three-phase power system to the traction network of the electrified railway. It is the core equipment connecting the traction power supply system and the power system. Due to its specific load characteristics and operating conditions, it has features such as asymmetric load, drastic load changes, and frequent short-circuit phenomena. Therefore, the traction transformer is required to have strong overload and short-circuit resistance capabilities.