IBM in the US discovers 465 quantum error-correcting codes using AI framework OpenEvolve

en.Wedoany.com Reported - IBM Research has developed the open-source evolutionary AI framework OpenEvolve, which leverages a large language model-guided evolutionary algorithm to rapidly search for viable quantum error-correcting codes within a vast space of algebraic expressions. The search for quantum error-correcting codes is a critical bottleneck in the practical application of quantum computing, as the space of possible algebraic formulas is immense, and traditional methods are computationally intensive and resource-demanding.

The OpenEvolve framework establishes a bidirectional interaction between classical AI and quantum computing, utilizing large language models to generate hypotheses for algebraic expressions that can serve as the basis for candidate error-correcting codes. The research team tested the framework using bivariate bicycle (BB) codes, a type of quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) code that is a key focus area on IBM's fault-tolerant quantum computing roadmap. Through evolutionary runs, OpenEvolve discovered 465 new quantum error-correcting codes. These codes are evaluated using the [[n, k, d]] format, where n represents the number of physical qubits, k represents the number of logical qubits, and d represents the fault-tolerant distance.

Among the discovered codes, the [[288,50,8]] structure provides 50 logical qubits, breaking the previous record of up to 16 logical qubits for this code family (despite a lower distance d); the [[72,4,8]] structure requires only 72 physical qubits, making it potentially more feasible for near-term quantum hardware; and the [[288,16,12]] and [[360,12,≤24]] structures offer relatively balanced candidate solutions, competitive with IBM's extensively studied [[144,12,12]] "gross code." The research team stated that while further evaluation is needed to assess the performance of these AI-generated codes in actual physical architectures, OpenEvolve establishes a highly viable method for exploring the vast space of algebraic codes. IBM Research has fully open-sourced the framework on GitHub, encouraging the global quantum research community to utilize and expand upon it. The research has been published on the IBM Research blog and on arXiv.

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