en.Wedoany.com Reported - Recently, the key section from the downstream of Tunnel No. 14 to the upstream of Tunnel No. 15 of the Huangwu Tunnel, Lot II of the southern main line for the Han-to-Wei River Water Diversion Phase II Project, constructed by China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., was successfully broken through, 15 days ahead of the planned schedule. The Huangwu Tunnel is located within Zhouzhi County and Huyi District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China. The main tunnel excavation spans a total length of 10.6 kilometers, using the drill-and-blast method.
The Huangwu Tunnel has a total length of 69.4 kilometers, traversing the middle and low mountain areas at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains from west to east. It is the longest tunnel on the southern main line of the Han-to-Wei River Water Diversion Phase II Project. The breakthrough section of the Huangwu Tunnel this time spans a total length of 3,830 meters. The tunnel passes under the Gengyu River area, characterized by crisscrossing valleys, a well-developed water system, and complex surface and groundwater recharge conditions. Construction faced multiple challenges such as large deformation in soft rock and sudden mud and water inrushes.
Liu Chunhui, the on-site project manager, introduced that to address the challenges of tunnel excavation control under conditions of weak surrounding rock and water-rich complex geology, the project team adopted an integrated support system of "strong support, rapid closure, settlement control, and deformation suppression." By optimizing arch frame parameters, adding locking anchor pipes, densifying systematic anchor bolts, and strengthening initial support rigidity, they suppressed surrounding rock convergence and structural deformation. An Xiaokai, the project's chief engineer, introduced that the team deployed high-precision displacement monitoring points across the full section inside the Huangwu Tunnel, utilizing an automated real-time monitoring system to achieve automatic data collection, intelligent analysis, and instant alerts for limit exceedances.
In terms of ecological protection, the project team deployed an integrated wastewater treatment system of "coagulation + sedimentation + filtration + disinfection" at the adit entrance, monitoring indicators such as pH value, suspended solids, and COD in real time. They promoted reclaimed water reuse and adopted energy-saving equipment like variable frequency ventilators and mobile air compressors inside the tunnel to reduce energy consumption and emissions. To date, this lot has completed 8.6 kilometers of excavation and support for the Huangwu Tunnel, achieving an 81% completion rate, with 4 out of 6 working faces having transitioned to the next construction phase.
The Han-to-Wei River Water Diversion Phase II Project consists of three parts: the Huangchigou Water Distribution Hub, the Southern Main Line, and the Northern Main Line, spanning a total length of 190 kilometers. Upon completion, the project will deliver 1.5 billion cubic meters of Han River water annually to 21 water-receiving areas including Xi'an, Xianyang, and Weinan, benefiting 14.11 million people.
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